Putting an End to the Silence: Educating Society about the Canadian Residential School System

This paper advocates for the increased education of Canadian society regarding the Indian Residential School System. Many Canadian’s tend to be uninformed on the history of the schools and as a result risk subjecting Aboriginal peoples to further harm. The contents of this paper demonstrates by informing all Canadian citizens of the truth regarding the assimilative schools and their enduring legacy on Aboriginal peoples, several benefits can occur. Specifically, through revealing the truth regarding the residential schools, healing becomes possible for victims, over-representation within the criminal justice system can be better understood as well as addressed, and future harm can be more easily identified as well as prevented. Overall, remaining silent and uninformed about Canadian residential schools can be harmful to Aboriginal peoples, thus it is important society be informed on this history

Implementation of a Nurse-Led Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) Program in Primary Care

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a serious concern, that requires close monitoring and facilitation of self-management skills and strategies, as well as development of a sense of self-efficacy, in patients with this chronic disease. The development of nurse-led Diabetes self-management education (DSME) programs, combined with a multidisciplinary approach to care and management, is a safe and effective means of helping patients with uncontrolled T2DM to cultivate positive health behaviors, prevent long-term disability and effectively control blood sugars. A DSME program like this was developed and implemented at Mercy Midtown Family Practice, for patients with a glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of 9% or higher, whose diabetes and related complications are managed by Primary Care. It employed a multidisciplinary approach with Primary Care Providers (PCPs), Disease Management Registered Nurses (DMRNs) and Care/Case Management (CM) coordinators to provide collaborative, comprehensive care management. This program features a comprehensive Diabetes Education program, bi-weekly follow-ups by phone or in clinic between patients and DMRNs, point of care testing (POCT) of HbA1c every 6 weeks in clinic and facilitation of self-management skills and health behaviors throughout the program. This nurse-led DSME program resulted in an overall decrease in HbA1c of one point or more for 55% of participating patients. This includes HbA1c decreases for 22% of the participating patient cohort to below 7%. Additionally, 100% of participating patients report an increase in positive health behaviors and an increase in their sense of self-efficacy, as demonstrated through a skills self-assessment survey administered upon graduation from the program

Singing it out: riot grrrls, Lilith Fair, and feminism

This essay analyzes two women-inspired music events, the riot grrrl movement and Lilith Fair, from a feminist rhetorical perspective to highlight their relationships with feminism and feminist activism. Drawing on feminist standpoint theory, muted group theory, and work that emphasizes the connections between the artistic and political, I rhetorically analyze the lyrics of one song from two riot grrrl artists (Bikini Kill and Sleater-Kinney) and two Lilith Fair artists (Sarah McLachlan and the Cardigans), highlighting the differences between the two movements while also emphasizing the value and need for both

The Development of Yoruba Candomble Communities in Salvador, Bahia, 1835–1986. Miguel C. Alonso, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014. 200 pp.

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146627/1/jlca12371_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146627/2/jlca12371.pd

Digital communication, social media, and Englishes

Scholarship in world Englishes has long been interested in the impact of digital media on the spread of English worldwide. This special issue on ‘World Englishes and digital media’ examines how English(es) are positioned and used in relation to other languages in digital communication, what pragmatic functions English and other languages serve, and how various linguistic choices affect identity work in the context of digital communication. It is hoped that this special issue will make an important contribution to research in this field.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154264/1/weng12447_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154264/2/weng12447.pd

Associations Between the Subtypes of Aggression, Parenting Styles and Psychiatric Symptomatology in Children on a Psychiatric Inpatient Unit

Childhood aggression often precedes more costly problem behavior that may result in psychiatric hospitalization. However, aggression is not a unidimensional construct, as there are subdimensions of aggression. A common way that aggression is divided is by the motivation behind the behavior, namely proactive and reactive aggression. Proactive aggression is calculated in nature, whereas reactive aggression occurs in response to a perceived threat. Some evidence suggests differential outcomes for these aggression subtypes; thus, further understanding of the link between the subtypes of aggression and psychiatric problems may help to refine current prevention efforts and reduce the number of hospitalizations. Consistent with a developmental-ecological perspective, which posits that multiple factors play a role in the development of problem behavior, the current study examined the link between the subtypes of aggression and internalizing and externalizing symptomatology, as well as examined parenting behavior, gender, age, and race as potential moderators of these relations. Participants were 392 children ages 6-12 years of age (M = 9.4, SD = 1.9) admitted consecutively to a psychiatric inpatient facility for both internalizing and externalizing symptomatology. Results indicated that both proactive and reactive aggression were associated with externalizing problems. Reactive aggression was associated with both anxiety and affective symptoms, but not somatic problems for particular individuals. Proactive aggression was associated with internalizing problems when specific parenting styles and demographic factors were present. Although both proactive and reactive aggression were associated with both internalizing and externalizing symptoms, differential associations were evident. Further, the impact of parenting styles on these associations were dependent upon gender, age and/or race

Spa47 is an Oligomerization - Activated Type Three Secretion System (T3SS) ATPase from Shigella flexneri

Gram-negative pathogens often use conserved type three secretion systems (T3SS) for virulence. The Shigella type three secretion apparatus (T3SA) penetrates the host cell membrane and provides a unidirectional conduit for injection of effectors into host cells. The protein Spa4 7 localizes to the base of the apparatus and is speculated to be an ATPase that provides the energy for T3SA formation and secretion. Here, we developed an expression and purification protocol, producing active Spa47 and providing the first direct evidence that Spa47 is a bona fide ATPase. Additionally, size exclusion chromatography and analytical ultracentrifugation identified multiple oligomeric species of Spa47 with the largest greater than 8 fold more active for ATP hydrolysis than the monomer. An ATPase inactive Spa47 point mutant was then engineered by targeting a conserved Lysine within the predicted Walker A motif of Spa47. Interestingly, the mutant maintained a similar oligomerization pattern as active Spa47, but was unable to restore invasion phenotype when used to complement a spa47 null S. flexneri strain. Together, these results identify Spa47 as a Shigella T3SS ATPase and suggest that its activity is linked to oligomerization, perhaps as a regulatory mechanism as seen in some related pathogens. Additionally, Spa4 7 catalyzed ATP hydrolysis appears to be essential for host cell invasion, providing a strong platform for additional studies dissecting its role in virulence and providing an attractive target for anti-infective agents

Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence of Transition Metal Octaethylporphyrin and Tetraphenylporphyrin/Tri-n-Propylamine System

The electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) of octaethylporphyrin (OEP), tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) and a series of metal-ligand porphyrin complexes (Zinc, Copper, Palladium, Platinum, Ruthenium, Vanadium, Cobalt and Nickel) in CH2Cl2 is reported. ECL was generated upon sweep to positive potentials using tri-n-propylamine (TPrA) as an oxidative-reductive coreactant. ECL efficiencies were between 0.010 and 0.770 using Ru(bpy)3(PF6)2 (bpy = 2,2’-bpyridine) as a relative standard (ecl = 1). The ECL intensity peaks at a potential corresponding to oxidation of the complexes and TPrA, suggesting that the same excited states are formed in both photoluminescence and ECL. Although the ECL was weaker than corresponding PL efficiencies, similar trends were observed in both experiments, again suggesting identical excited states are formed